Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) Rhinorrhea causes, symptoms, treatment, complications

This article enumerates the general and local factors that affect the process of wound healing .

General Factors affecting wound healing : 

1. Age: Healing is slowly with elderly due to decreased  Protein turn over rate.
2.Nutritional Status as
• Vit A Deficiency causes decreased Epithelialization
• Vit. C Deficiency causes decreased Protocollagen maturity.
• Protein Deficiency causes decreased  Collagen synthesis.
Also ,Calcium Zinc, Copper and Manganese plays a minor role in wound healing,
3. Cortisone Adminiftration : as it inhibits Fibroblast  proliferation.
 4.  Irradiation : Leads to End arteritis obliterans  >>  Ischaemic wound.
5. Chronic Diseases: like Uraemia, Diabetes & Malignancy delay healing

Local Factors affecting Wound Healing : 

1. Poor vascularity causes decreased healing (e,g. below knee wounds) .2. High Tension: by  tight sutures or haematoma leads to ischaemia of the edges.
3.  Foreign body & Necrotic tissues : impair healing.
4.  Infection :  Bacteria competes with fibroblasts for oxygen , Also bacteria secretes enzymes which destroys collagen e.g, HyallUurindase .
5.  Immobilization : because early movement leads to capillary damage. 6. Adhesion to bony surface leads to  decrease wound contraction phase.
6. Adhesion to bony surface leads to  decrease wound contraction phase.

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